Replacement of live food with a microbound
diet in feeding Litopenaeus setiferus (Burkenroad) larvae
P.P. Gallardo, R. Pedroza-Islas, T. García-Galano, C. Pascual, C.
Rosal, A. Sánchez, G. Gaxiola-2002
Aquaculture
Research, 33(9):
681-692
Abstract:
Microbound feeds have been well accepted by shrimps and farmers in
many penaeid shrimp hatcheries. The present study focused on an adequate
level of replacement of Artemia nauplii and microalgae by a
microbound diet for rearing Litopenaeus setiferus (Burkenroad)
larvae. A microbound diet (MBD) consisting of fishmeal, squid meal,
shrimp meal, yeast meal and soybean meal was used. The first experiment was
designed to obtain the optimum level of MBD to complete the live feeding
schedule, from Protozoea (PZIII) to Mysis (MIII). The
experimental levels of the microbound diet tested were 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg MBD
L-1 day-1. The next step was to determine the Artemia
nauplii replacement level from PZI to MIII by MBD.
These experiments were carried out either in the presence (Experiment 2) or
in the absence of algae (Experiment 3). Four replacement levels were tested:
0% (4 mg MBD L-1 day-1: 1 Artemia nauplii mL-1),
40% (5.5 mg MBD L-1 day-1: 0.6 Artemia
nauplii), 60% (6.5 mg MBD L-1 day-1: 0.4 Artemia
nauplii) and 100% (8 mg MBD L-1 day-1: 0 Artemia
nauplii). In all experiments growth, survival, development, quality index
(QI) and performance index (PI), were used to determine the optimum
concentration of microbound diet. Results showed that 6 mg MBD L-1
day-1 can be recommended as a complement to live food for L.
setiferus larvae from PZIII to MIII. In the
presence of algae, maximum growth and survival may be obtained in 40-60%
(5.5-6.5 mg MBD L-1 day-1) of Artemia nauplii
replacement levels. In the absence of algae, the Artemia nauplii
replacement resulted in slower development, less salinity resistance, lower
growth and lower survival than was obtained in larvae fed with algae.