USE OF ANTIBIOTICS; OXYTETRACYCLINE
From: kunda_sumanth@yahoo.com
To: shrimp@yahoogroups.com
Sent: 30 August 2004
Question:
May I ask anybody regarding the details of
experimental status of withdrawal periods of oxytetracycline in
P.monodon with respect to Indian conditions.
I would like to know the actual dosage of
oxytetracycline (OTC)
hydrochloride (active ingredient I.P 200mg) for 200 number of P. monodon
animals of 10gms of average body weight so as to equal the concentration of
86% active ingredient of OTC.
S.K.Kunda
e-mail: kunda_sumanth@yahoo.com
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Comments 1:
Where do you use them? I mean in shrimp hatchery or
in shrimp ponds? In shrimp ponds , it needs almost 15 days before harvest to
get rid of OTC out of the animal.
In shrimp hatchery, frequent flow through will help.
But, why antibiotics !!!!! Use probiotics - We have been using them both in
hatchery and farm with good success.
Dr. Vasudevan
e-mail: hiline@xlweb.com
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Comments 2:
But my question is that whether anybody worked out on
fixing the withdrawal periods of OTC with respect to Indian conditions.
We have a list of all the withdrawal periods carried out in different geographical
conditions where temperature and other environmental factors will influence
them.
Hope you might be knowing that the last year most of the consignments
have been rejected on the grounds of higher levels of antibiotics and even
some processing plants have been put in black list...Most of our
farmers are indiscriminately using the antibiotics along with feed as
prophylactic, but if any disease occurs they’re just harvesting without
giving sufficient time for withdrawal.
Even though we’re talking about probiotics, but recent surveys show that
there was not much difference as probiotics even not addressing the actual
problem and instead it is leading un necessary expenditure to lot of input
on it alone and the actual probiotic strains are not present in that pond
conditions.
S.K.Kunda
e-mail: kunda_sumanth@yahoo.com
***************
Comments 3:
Experience has shown that the practical use of
probiotics to replace antibiotics is indeed feasible in both hatcheries and
growout ponds. The keys to success include:
- choosing products with a track record of success.
- understanding that much of the work that probiotics do in
aquaculture is about providing a low stress environment for the
stock to grow in. This means that the microbes used must be active
in the water column as well as in the animals' gut.
- knowing that probiotics are not a "magic cure" for any and all
problems. Rather, they are a powerful tool to be used as part of an
overall program of management, which will deliver the results you
want, provided the entire program is followed with diligence.
I haven't seen the surveys you refer to, but would like to; could
you tell me where to find them? I'm sure you will find that in cases
where the use of probiotics has not given the desired results, the
three principles given above were not followed.
On the other hand, if you continue to use antibiotics, you can
anticipate some problems:
- appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains of the disease-causing
bacteria that you are trying to treat.
- the development of ever-more sensitive techniques for the
detection of antibiotic residues which will be applied to the
finished products. This could mean rejection of shipments or the
imposition of such long withdrawal times that the use of antibiotics
will become impractical.
Kevin Healey
e-mail: khealey@iahp.com.au
(www.iahp.com.au)
***************
Comments 4:
I did not see anybody who worked on withdrawal period
of OTC especially with regards to shrimp, not even in University Research
programs nor in other research institutes - that too in different
geographical conditions. Such studies should be taken up as a special
program for Ph.D. students in Universities under an able Research Guide.
Yes, you are correct. I am pretty aware of shipments being rejected due to
retention of antibiotic residues.
About probiotics, I do not agree totally with your comment. It all depends
on selection of right probiotic strains that really work in the pond with
high cfu per ml. It also depends on monitoring vibrios and other parameters
at which ponds are maintained.
I have recently conducted a complete hatchery run exclusively with
probiotics of my own brand. I have a different formulation of this product
to shrimp ponds which have been performing extremely well in Pattukottai and
Ramnad areas in Tamil Nadu and also some places in Andhra Pradesh.
Dr.S.Vasudevan.
e-mail: hiline@xlweb.com
***************
Comments 5:
As far as I know this a banned antibiotic for use in
aquaculture, it
certainly is in this country?
"Seafarm"
e-mail: alistairdick@bigpond.com
***************
Comments 6:
It is important to ask what farmers think of the use
of antibiotics in the
hatcheries. They are very good to improve in the short term, the results of
the hatcheries, but ask the farms what are the results of these PL’s, in a
farm pond environment. The difference is very significant.
The use of antibiotics in the hatcheries can only be hiding a problem in how
water is treated for use in the hatchery.
Marcos Villarreal
Panama
e-mail: mvillarrealr@yahoo.com