A GUIDE TO SMALL-SCALE MARINE FINFISH HATCHERY TECHNOLOGY
Sih-Yang Sim, Michael Rimmer, Joebert D. Toledo, Ketut Sugama, Inneke Rumengan,
Kevin Williams, Michale J. Phillips (Eds).
Publication No 2005-01 of the Asia-Pacific Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network
– 2005, 17 pp.
This publication is an output of ACIAR Project FIS/97/73 Improved hatchery and
grow-out technology for grouper aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific region.
For more information, contact the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific
GPO Box 1040, Kasetsart University Post Office
Ladyao, Jatujak
Bangkok 10903
Thailand
www.enaca.org
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ANOSTRACA FAUNA OF TURKEY
Mura, Graziella; Özkütük, Sulhi; Tanatmi, Mustafa-2005
Crustaceana, Volume 78, Number 4, 2005, pp. 487-494(8)
Abstract:
Our current knowledge on the Anostraca of Turkey is rather limited, due to a
lack of both local specialists and field sampling campaigns. Based on the old
data available, mainly published in Italian and German, as well as on the results
of recent samplings, we have summarized the present situation in order to update
the information available for this branchiopod order in the Turkish fauna. Our
purpose is to stress the need for extensive exploration of the territory, and
to underline the importance of a proper conservation policy for temporary habitats,
which are often overlooked, and hence particularly endangered, both as a result
of human negligence, and due the their inherent ephemeral nature.
(email of G. Mura:
graziella.mura@uniroma1.it)
CULTURE OF SENEGAL SOLE LARVAE WITHOUT THE NEED FOR ROTIFERS
Mireia Villalta, Alicia Estévez-2005
Aquaculture International 13 (5): 469 - 478
Abstract:
Two groups of Senegal sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae were cultured. One used
rotifers for the first 10 days after hatching (dph) and enriched Artemia metanauplii
from 6 to 30 dph and the other without rotifers, using enriched Artemia metanauplii
as the sole food source. The quantity of metanauplii used was the same (group
A), twice (group A2) and three times (group A3) the quantity of live prey (in
dry weight) of the group fed with rotifers (group R). At the end of the experiment,
the growth, in terms of total length and individual dry weight was significantly
higher for the larvae on group A2 whilst rotifer fed larvae (R) showed the poorest
results. Eye migration was also delayed by approximately 2 days in the group
R. No significant differences were found in survival rates. The influence of
diet on Senegal sole metamorphosis and its relationship with the size rather
than the age of the fish are discussed.
(Centro de Acuicultura-IRTA, Ctra. Poble Nou Km 6, San Carlos de la Rápita,
43540 Tarragona, Spain; email of Mireia Villalta:
mireia.villalta@irta.es)
THE EFFECT OF PUFA ENRICHED ARTEMIA ON GROWTH, SURVIVAL AND LIPID COMPOSITION
OF WESTERN ROCK LOBSTER, PANULIRUS CYGNUS, PHYLLOSOMA
G.C. Liddy, S. Kolkovski, M.M. Nelson, P.D. Nichols, B.F. Phillips, G.B. Maguire-2005
Aquaculture Nutrition 11 (5): 375-
Abstract :
Western rock lobster, Panulirus cygnus, phyllosoma were grown from hatching
to stage IV. Larvae were fed with Artemia enriched with a (i) base enrichment
(Base) containing 520 g kg1 squid oil or tailor made enrichments in which oils
high in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) have been added at the expense of
squid oil. These treatments were (ii) base enrichment supplemented with docosahexaenoic
acid (DHA) rich oil, (iii) base enrichment supplemented with arachidonic acid
(AA) rich oil, or (iv) base enrichment supplemented with DHA and AA (D + A)
rich oils. Total survival of phyllosoma to stage IV was high, with no significant
difference between treatments (range 12.317.5%). By stage IV, the larvae fed
the DHA or AA enriched Artemia were significantly larger (3.33 mm length) than
larvae fed the Base or D + A enriched Artemia (3.183.24 mm length). Phyllosoma
were sampled at stages II and III for biochemical analysis. The major lipid
class (LC) in all phyllosoma was polar lipid (PL) (88.992.4%), followed by sterol
(ST) (6.29.7%). Triacylglycerol (TAG), free fatty acid (FFA) and hydrocarbon/wax
ester were minor components (1%) in all phyllosoma samples. In contrast, the
major LC in all enrichments and enriched Artemia was TAG (76.385.1% and 53.460.2%,
respectively), followed by PL (11.414.8% and 30.638.1% respectively). The main
fatty acids (FA) in phyllosoma were 16:0, 18:1n-9, 18:1n-7, 18:0, AA, eicosapentaenoic
acid (EPA) and DHA. Addition of AA, and to a lesser extent DHA, to enrichments
resulted in increased levels of those FA in Artemia and phyllosoma compared
with the Base enrichment. This was particularly evident for stage III larvae.
Comparatively, elevated growth for phyllosoma to stage IV was achieved with
DHA and AA enriched diets. Our findings highlight the importance of lipids and
in particular essential long-chain PUFA, as nutritional components for phyllosoma
diets.
(Aquatic Science Research Unit, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987
Perth, WA 6845, Australia; email of G.C. Liddy:
gcliddy@hotmail.com)
ONTOGENY OF THE SHI DRUM UMBRINA CIRROSA (LINNAEUS 1758), A CANDIDATE NEW SPECIES
FOR AQUACULTURE
Giorgos Koumoundouros, Savoula Kouttouki, Eustathia Georgakopoulou, Ioannis
Papadakis, Eric Maingot, Panagiotis Kaspiris, Yiannos Kiriakou, Georgios Georgiou,
Pascal Divanach, Maroudio Kentouri, Constantinos C. Mylonas-2005
Aquaculture Research 36 (13): 1265 -
Abstract :
The ontogeny of shi drum Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus 1758), a candidate new species
for aquaculture, was studied throughout the entire larval phase. Geometric morphometric
analysis revealed two clear inflection points (7.0 and 12.7 mm total length,
TL) in the shape ontogeny of this species, separating the studied period into
three phases of different allometric priorities. Spline graphs demonstrated
that the major non-uniform shape ontogeny correlated with the development of
the fins, the anterior dorsal area of the body, the caudal peduncle, the eye
and the mouth. Concerning the morphological features, shi drum larvae are characterized
by an upward anterior bending of the notochord. The ontogeny of the fins began
with the formation of the pectoral buds (2.9 mm TL), continued with the notochord
flexion (4.3 mm TL, associated with the caudal fin development), the appearance
of the pelvic buds, the first anal rays (4.5 mm TL) and the first dorsal rays
(4.8 mm TL). Shi drum juveniles presented 25 vertebrae and the following dominant
fin types: D XI,23, AII,6, VI,5, P17 and C17.
(Biology Department, University of Patras, 26500Patras, Rio, Greece; email of
G. Koumoundouros:
koumound@upatras.gr)
INDUCED SPAWNING OF ASIAN CATFISH, CLARIAS BATRACHUS (LINN.): EFFECT OF VARIOUS
LATENCY PERIODS AND SGNRHA AND DOMPERIDONE DOSES ON SPAWNING PERFORMANCE AND
EGG QUALITY
Sangram Ketan Sahoo, Shibe Shankar Giri, Asok Kumar Sahu-2005
Aquaculture Research 36 (13): 1273-
Abstract :
An experiment was conducted to induce ovulation in Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus,
by a single injection of SGnRHa (d-Arg6, Trp7, Leu8, Pro9, Net) in combination
with domperidone. The effects of latency periods, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 h, and
doses of inducing agent, 10 g SGnRHa+5 mg domperidone, 20 g SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone,
30 g SGnRHa+15 mg domperidone and 40 g SGnRHa+20 mg domperidone kg1 body weight,
were studied on the total egg output, stripping response, fertilization, hatching
and normal larval production. The highest (P<0.05) number of eggs were stripped
at 23 h of post injection of 20 g SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone kg1 female body weight.
The highest (P<0.05) stripping response was observed when the females were
stripped at 20 and 23 h latency, at all dose levels of the inducing agent. The
eggs stripped at 11 h latency did not fertilize, and hence did not hatch irrespective
of administration of any dose levels of the inducing agent. The fertilization
and hatching per cent of eggs had significantly increased (P<0.05) with increase
in latency period to 1423 h at a dose of 20 g SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone. The
latency period of 1417 h, and dose of 20 g SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone and 30 g
SGnRHa+15 mg domperidone kg1 of female, was found to be suitable to obtain best
spawning performance, and good-quality egg and larval production in C. batrachus.
(Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneshwar 751
002, Orissa, India; email of S. K. Sahoo:
sksahoo100@rediffmail.com)
EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND TEMPERATURE DURING INCUBATION ON HATCHING AND DEVELOPMENT
OF LINGCOD OPHIODON ELONGATUS GIRARD, EMBRYOS
Matthew A Cook, Kate M Guthrie, Michael B Rust, Paul D Plesha-2005
Aquaculture Research 36 (13): 1298 -
Abstract :
The interactive effects of salinity and temperature on development and hatching
success of lingcod, Ophiodon elongatus Girard, were studied by incubating eggs
at four temperatures (6, 9, 12 and 15°C) and five salinities (15, 20, 25,
30 and 35 g L1). Hatch did not occur in any of the 15°C treatments. Degree
days (°C days) to first hatch was not influenced by temperature or salinity,
however, calendar days to first hatch differed significantly for temperature
(P<0.0001, 61±1, 44±1 and 35±1 days for 6, 9 and 12°C
respectively). Degree days to 50% (427.1±4.2) hatch was not significantly
influenced by temperature but was by salinity (P=0.0324). Viable hatch (live
with no deformities, 74.1±4.0%) was greatest at 9°C and 25 g L1 but
not significantly different in the range of 2030 g L1. Larval length (9.4±0.13
mm) was greatest at 9°C and 2030 g L1. Temperature and salinity significantly
influenced all categories of deformities with treatments at the upper (12°C
and 35 g L1) and lower limits (6°C and 15 g L1) producing the greatest deformities.
The optimal temperature and salinity for incubating Puget Sound lingcod eggs
was found to be 9°C and 2030 g L1.
(School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle,
WA, USA; email of M.B. Rust:
mike.rust@noaa.gov)
THE LARVAL REARING OF THE MARINE ORNAMENTAL CRAB, MITHRACULUS FORCEPS (A. MILNE
EDWARDS, 1875) (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA: MAJIDAE)
Gil Penha-Lopes, Andrew L. Rhyne, Junda Lin, Luis Narciso-2005
Aquaculture Research 36 (13): 1313-1321
Abstract :
The goal of this study is to develop a larviculture protocol for Mithraculus
forceps, a popular marine aquarium species. Different temperatures (25±0.5°C
and 28±0.5°C), stocking densities (10, 20, 40 and 80 larvae L1),
prey densities (newly hatched Artemia of 1, 4, 7 and 12 nauplii mL1) and metamorphosis
to crab conditions (Systems A and B) were tested. The best survivorship and
faster development were obtained when the larvae were reared at a density of
40 larvae L1 for 7 days post hatching (DPH) in System A, at 28°C and fed
with 7 mL1 of newly hatched Artemia nauplii. After 7 DPH all the megalopa were
moved to System B and the same temperature and prey density were maintained.
At the end of the experiment, 12 DPH, survivorship of 74.1±4.8% was obtained.
(Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, IMAR, Departamento de Biologia
Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada do Guincho,
2750-642 Cascais, Portugal; email of G. Penha-Lopes:
gil@biology-research.com)
