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Every pond system has its own limitations to productivity, based on its physical and chemical characteristics and available inputs of water, feeds and juveniles. The pond manager is faced with the challenge of making the most efficient and profitable use of these resources, knowing that conditions will rarely be optimal and that for the most part the crop will remain hidden from view. Successful pond management depends largely on collecting reliable and regular data on the condition of the crop and the status of the culture environment, and deciding how this information may best be used in the application of fertilizers and feeds, and in the control of water exchange and aeration. Predator control is also of fundamental importance (Lee & Wickins, 1992).
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